Machine Learning (ML)
UK

The following table provides summary statistics for permanent job vacancies with a requirement for Machine Learning skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the salaries offered in vacancies that have cited Machine Learning over the 6 months to 26 May 2024 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

6 months to
26 May 2024
Same period 2023 Same period 2022
Rank 70 109 55
Rank change year-on-year +39 -54 +24
Permanent jobs citing Machine Learning 3,605 3,015 9,496
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 3.54% 3.07% 5.77%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 4.19% 3.22% 6.02%
Number of salaries quoted 1,664 1,478 2,690
10th Percentile £43,750 £45,000 £42,500
25th Percentile £52,500 £55,000 £53,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £70,000 £74,000
Median % change year-on-year - -5.41% +15.63%
75th Percentile £95,000 £90,000 £90,875
90th Percentile £115,000 £114,125 £110,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £60,000 £65,000 £60,000
% change year-on-year -7.69% +8.33% +9.09%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

Machine Learning is in the Processes and Methodologies category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 85,989 93,723 157,646
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 84.40% 95.55% 95.87%
Number of salaries quoted 60,364 55,437 82,675
10th Percentile £29,250 £34,000 £33,500
25th Percentile £40,000 £45,000 £43,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £55,000 £61,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -9.84% +1.67% +9.09%
75th Percentile £72,500 £81,250 £80,000
90th Percentile £92,500 £100,000 £96,250
UK excluding London median annual salary £50,000 £55,000 £52,500
% change year-on-year -9.09% +4.76% +9.38%

Machine Learning
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing Machine Learning as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing Machine Learning.

Salary trend for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Machine Learning over the 6 months to 26 May 2024.

Salary histogram for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Top 19 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Machine Learning within the UK over the 6 months to 26 May 2024. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
UK excluding London +48 2,563 £60,000 -7.69% 703
England -12 2,033 £70,000 - 1,177
Scotland +76 1,475 £69,500 +6.92% 35
Work from Home -7 953 £65,000 -6.40% 538
London +25 941 £85,000 +6.25% 742
South East +4 350 £65,000 -7.14% 348
South West -19 244 £64,387 -4.61% 72
North of England -123 187 £55,000 -15.38% 92
Midlands -30 181 £57,500 +4.55% 48
West Midlands -16 140 £57,500 +9.52% 30
North West -91 106 £55,000 -4.35% 62
East of England -2 100 £67,500 -3.57% 92
Yorkshire -64 67 £55,000 -20.80% 21
East Midlands -28 41 £47,500 -29.63% 17
North East -19 14 £47,500 -22.45% 9
Wales 0 12 £63,750 -1.92% 8
Northern Ireland +29 11 £100,000 +33.33% 13
Channel Islands - 2 - -
Isle of Man - 2 £82,500 -

Machine Learning
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 392 (10.87%) Apache Spark
2 185 (5.13%) Apache
3 169 (4.69%) Apache Airflow
4 99 (2.75%) FileNet
5 54 (1.50%) SAS
6 24 (0.67%) Confluence
7 18 (0.50%) SharePoint
8 13 (0.36%) Jupyter
9 11 (0.31%) CICS
10 10 (0.28%) nginx
11 6 (0.17%) Kinematics
12 5 (0.14%) Appian
12 5 (0.14%) Luigi
13 4 (0.11%) Microsoft Exchange
13 4 (0.11%) WordPress
14 3 (0.083%) IIS
15 2 (0.055%) ArcGIS
15 2 (0.055%) CMS
16 1 (0.028%) Documentum
16 1 (0.028%) Tuxedo
Applications
1 67 (1.86%) Simulink
2 60 (1.66%) Microsoft Excel
3 21 (0.58%) Microsoft Office
4 19 (0.53%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 9 (0.25%) MS Visio
6 8 (0.22%) Chatbot
7 7 (0.19%) Microsoft Project
8 6 (0.17%) EViews
8 6 (0.17%) Stateflow
9 4 (0.11%) Spreadsheet
9 4 (0.11%) Trello
10 2 (0.055%) SPSS
11 1 (0.028%) Blender
Business Applications
1 14 (0.39%) Aladdin
2 7 (0.19%) Siebel CRM
3 3 (0.083%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
4 1 (0.028%) Data Workbench
4 1 (0.028%) Dynamics NAV
4 1 (0.028%) Magento
4 1 (0.028%) Salesforce CRM
4 1 (0.028%) SAP Business One
4 1 (0.028%) SAP S/4HANA
Cloud Services
1 1,314 (36.45%) AWS
2 866 (24.02%) Azure
3 393 (10.90%) GCP
4 357 (9.90%) Power Platform
5 125 (3.47%) GitHub
6 121 (3.36%) Cloud Computing
7 118 (3.27%) Amazon S3
8 109 (3.02%) SaaS
9 91 (2.52%) Snowflake
10 87 (2.41%) Azure DevOps
10 87 (2.41%) Serverless
11 83 (2.30%) Azure Data Factory
12 81 (2.25%) Datadog
13 78 (2.16%) Azure Synapse Analytics
14 65 (1.80%) Matillion
15 59 (1.64%) Azure Machine Learning
16 57 (1.58%) Azure Cosmos DB
17 55 (1.53%) Amazon CloudWatch
18 53 (1.47%) PowerApps
19 49 (1.36%) Power Automate
Communications & Networking
1 35 (0.97%) DNS
2 27 (0.75%) HTTP
3 20 (0.55%) Firewall
4 18 (0.50%) DSL
5 16 (0.44%) Internet
5 16 (0.44%) Network Security
6 15 (0.42%) TCP/IP
7 13 (0.36%) VPN
8 11 (0.31%) Wireless
9 9 (0.25%) LAN
9 9 (0.25%) WAN
9 9 (0.25%) WLAN
10 7 (0.19%) MQTT
11 6 (0.17%) DHCP
11 6 (0.17%) OpenVPN
12 5 (0.14%) Modbus
12 5 (0.14%) RFID
12 5 (0.14%) SSL
13 4 (0.11%) SD-WAN
13 4 (0.11%) ZigBee
Database & Business Intelligence
1 495 (13.73%) NoSQL
2 361 (10.01%) Big Data
3 336 (9.32%) Power BI
4 259 (7.18%) Data Warehouse
5 256 (7.10%) SQL Server
6 227 (6.30%) Data Lake
7 178 (4.94%) Tableau
8 166 (4.60%) Hadoop
9 158 (4.38%) Elasticsearch
10 146 (4.05%) PostgreSQL
11 138 (3.83%) Apache Hive
12 136 (3.77%) Apache Cassandra
13 113 (3.13%) SQL Server Integration Services
14 103 (2.86%) HBase
15 101 (2.80%) Apache Ignite
16 91 (2.52%) MongoDB
17 85 (2.36%) Relational Database
18 54 (1.50%) Data Mining
19 47 (1.30%) MySQL
20 42 (1.17%) Star Schema
Development Applications
1 326 (9.04%) Git
2 201 (5.58%) JUnit
3 193 (5.35%) Jenkins
4 145 (4.02%) Cypress.io
5 105 (2.91%) Jasmine
6 86 (2.39%) Bitbucket Server
7 83 (2.30%) Selenium
8 60 (1.66%) Karma Test Runner
8 60 (1.66%) Protractor
8 60 (1.66%) WebDriver
9 50 (1.39%) JIRA
10 48 (1.33%) GitLab
11 45 (1.25%) Mockito
12 25 (0.69%) Android Studio
13 21 (0.58%) MLflow
14 20 (0.55%) SoapUI
15 19 (0.53%) JMeter
15 19 (0.53%) Vagrant
16 16 (0.44%) CircleCI
17 14 (0.39%) Bitbucket
General
1 2,046 (56.75%) Finance
2 1,589 (44.08%) Inclusion and Diversity
3 1,510 (41.89%) Law
4 787 (21.83%) Social Skills
5 780 (21.64%) Marketing
6 529 (14.67%) Legal
7 523 (14.51%) Banking
8 301 (8.35%) Analytical Skills
9 294 (8.16%) Investment Banking
10 224 (6.21%) Retail
11 193 (5.35%) Public Sector
12 151 (4.19%) Front Office
13 114 (3.16%) Presentation Skills
14 92 (2.55%) Financial Institution
15 89 (2.47%) Influencing Skills
16 84 (2.33%) Games
17 58 (1.61%) Manufacturing
18 39 (1.08%) Electronics
19 37 (1.03%) Organisational Skills
20 34 (0.94%) Automotive
Job Titles
1 1,576 (43.72%) Software Engineer
2 626 (17.36%) Senior
3 620 (17.20%) Lead
4 590 (16.37%) Java Engineer
5 584 (16.20%) Java Software Engineer
6 504 (13.98%) Developer
7 411 (11.40%) Lead Software Engineer
8 353 (9.79%) Data Engineer
8 353 (9.79%) Python Engineer
9 307 (8.52%) Data Scientist
10 306 (8.49%) Python Software Engineer
11 297 (8.24%) Full Stack Engineer
12 288 (7.99%) Full Stack Software Engineer
13 206 (5.71%) Architect
14 204 (5.66%) AWS Engineer
15 192 (5.33%) Senior Software Engineer
16 191 (5.30%) AWS Software Engineer
17 179 (4.97%) Developer/Software Engineer
18 172 (4.77%) Senior Data Scientist
19 153 (4.24%) Lead Java Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 559 (15.51%) React
2 411 (11.40%) Spring
3 350 (9.71%) AngularJS
4 301 (8.35%) Kafka
5 252 (6.99%) HTML
6 221 (6.13%) J2EE
7 211 (5.85%) CSS
8 200 (5.55%) Node.js
9 182 (5.05%) TensorFlow
10 181 (5.02%) PySpark
11 180 (4.99%) Hibernate
12 171 (4.74%) JMS
13 165 (4.58%) Twitter Bootstrap
14 163 (4.52%) JSON
15 137 (3.80%) Pandas
16 136 (3.77%) jQuery
17 135 (3.74%) .NET
17 135 (3.74%) PyTorch
18 134 (3.72%) Spring Boot
19 112 (3.11%) GraphQL
Miscellaneous
1 971 (26.93%) Algorithms
2 516 (14.31%) Cloud Native
3 203 (5.63%) Data Structures
4 191 (5.30%) Onboarding
4 191 (5.30%) Public Cloud
5 169 (4.69%) Product Ownership
6 153 (4.24%) Hedge funds
7 149 (4.13%) Fixed Income
8 119 (3.30%) Management Information System
9 112 (3.11%) Equities
10 67 (1.86%) Self-Motivation
11 64 (1.78%) IoT
12 62 (1.72%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
13 53 (1.47%) Distributed Systems
14 50 (1.39%) Derivative
14 50 (1.39%) Reference Data
15 43 (1.19%) Legacy Code
16 42 (1.17%) Credit Risk
17 38 (1.05%) Taxonomies
18 30 (0.83%) Robotics
Operating Systems
1 197 (5.46%) Linux
2 150 (4.16%) Unix
3 72 (2.00%) Windows
4 55 (1.53%) Android
5 24 (0.67%) CentOS
6 21 (0.58%) Embedded Linux
7 20 (0.55%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
8 19 (0.53%) Ubuntu
9 18 (0.50%) Windows Server
10 9 (0.25%) Apple iOS
10 9 (0.25%) Windows Server 2019
11 6 (0.17%) Windows Server 2016
12 3 (0.083%) Windows 10
12 3 (0.083%) Windows Server 2003
13 1 (0.028%) Mac OS
13 1 (0.028%) Solaris
13 1 (0.028%) VMS
Processes & Methodologies
1 2,796 (77.56%) Artificial Intelligence
2 1,954 (54.20%) Agile
3 1,900 (52.70%) Software Engineering
4 1,466 (40.67%) CI/CD
5 1,308 (36.28%) SDLC
6 1,231 (34.15%) Operational Stability
7 990 (27.46%) Visualisation
8 912 (25.30%) Community of Practice
9 891 (24.72%) Data Science
10 755 (20.94%) Analytics
11 753 (20.89%) Continuous Improvement
12 640 (17.75%) Computer Science
13 610 (16.92%) Decision-Making
14 552 (15.31%) Problem-Solving
15 538 (14.92%) Risk Management
16 484 (13.43%) Full Stack Development
17 465 (12.90%) Business Intelligence
18 440 (12.21%) Microservices
19 415 (11.51%) ETL
20 354 (9.82%) Data Modelling
Programming Languages
1 1,845 (51.18%) Python
2 1,429 (39.64%) SQL
3 1,306 (36.23%) Java
4 432 (11.98%) JavaScript
5 421 (11.68%) TypeScript
6 230 (6.38%) C#
7 160 (4.44%) Scala
8 155 (4.30%) C++
9 154 (4.27%) R
10 110 (3.05%) C
11 106 (2.94%) PL/SQL
12 83 (2.30%) Kotlin
13 65 (1.80%) MATLAB
14 63 (1.75%) Go
15 58 (1.61%) T-SQL
16 27 (0.75%) Haskell
17 26 (0.72%) Bash
17 26 (0.72%) Data Analysis Expressions
17 26 (0.72%) Fortran
18 24 (0.67%) PowerShell
Qualifications
1 826 (22.91%) Degree
2 266 (7.38%) Computer Science Degree
3 253 (7.02%) Master's Degree
4 236 (6.55%) Security Cleared
5 166 (4.60%) PhD
6 136 (3.77%) SC Cleared
7 86 (2.39%) DV Cleared
8 55 (1.53%) DBS Check
9 33 (0.92%) Microsoft Certification
10 31 (0.86%) AWS Certification
11 28 (0.78%) PMI Certification
12 21 (0.58%) BPSS Clearance
13 20 (0.55%) Azure Certification
14 19 (0.53%) Numerate Degree
15 16 (0.44%) CISM
15 16 (0.44%) CISSP
16 10 (0.28%) CRISC
17 9 (0.25%) MBA
18 7 (0.19%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
18 7 (0.19%) CISA
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 149 (4.13%) Data Quality
2 71 (1.97%) QA
3 64 (1.78%) Accessibility
4 51 (1.41%) GDPR
5 22 (0.61%) SLA
6 15 (0.42%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 12 (0.33%) NIST
8 6 (0.17%) Def Stans
8 6 (0.17%) IEC 61508
9 5 (0.14%) PCI DSS
10 4 (0.11%) COBIT
11 3 (0.083%) Actionable Recommendations
11 3 (0.083%) GRC
11 3 (0.083%) JSP 440
12 2 (0.055%) PMO
13 1 (0.028%) HIPAA
13 1 (0.028%) ISO/IEC 27001
13 1 (0.028%) SNOMED CT
System Software
1 169 (4.69%) Docker
2 111 (3.08%) HDFS
3 29 (0.80%) Virtual Machines
4 23 (0.64%) Firmware
5 11 (0.31%) Time Sharing Option
6 10 (0.28%) Active Directory
6 10 (0.28%) VMware Infrastructure
7 9 (0.25%) Hyper-V
8 2 (0.055%) IAG
8 2 (0.055%) KVM
8 2 (0.055%) VMware ESXi
9 1 (0.028%) Slurm Workload Manager
Systems Management
1 386 (10.71%) Kubernetes
2 339 (9.40%) Terraform
3 97 (2.69%) Grafana
4 47 (1.30%) Ansible
5 24 (0.67%) Prometheus
6 12 (0.33%) Microsoft Intune
7 7 (0.19%) Argo
7 7 (0.19%) Graphite
8 6 (0.17%) Kubeflow
9 3 (0.083%) Backup Exec
9 3 (0.083%) NetBackup
9 3 (0.083%) Progress Chef
10 2 (0.055%) Core Impact
10 2 (0.055%) Podman
10 2 (0.055%) Puppet
11 1 (0.028%) Avamar
11 1 (0.028%) Consul
11 1 (0.028%) Salt
11 1 (0.028%) vCenter Server
11 1 (0.028%) vRealize
Vendors
1 467 (12.95%) Databricks
2 379 (10.51%) Microsoft
3 288 (7.99%) Oracle
4 228 (6.32%) Google
5 103 (2.86%) Splunk
6 96 (2.66%) Alteryx
7 91 (2.52%) Informatica
8 90 (2.50%) Dynatrace
9 83 (2.30%) Cloudera
10 41 (1.14%) Xilinx
11 34 (0.94%) OpenAI
12 26 (0.72%) Salesforce
13 20 (0.55%) Bloomberg
14 18 (0.50%) Cognos
14 18 (0.50%) Dataiku
14 18 (0.50%) SaltStack
14 18 (0.50%) SAP
14 18 (0.50%) Sybase
15 15 (0.42%) Pega
16 14 (0.39%) BISAM