TDD Contracts

Test-Driven Development (TDD)
UK

The following table provides summary statistics for contract job vacancies with a requirement for TDD skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that have cited TDD over the 6 months to 1 June 2024 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

6 months to
1 Jun 2024
Same period 2023 Same period 2022
Rank 118 78 58
Rank change year-on-year -40 -20 -9
Contract jobs citing TDD 817 1,667 3,639
As % of all contract jobs advertised in the UK 1.90% 2.97% 4.15%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 2.22% 3.32% 4.58%
Number of daily rates quoted 542 1,251 2,647
10th Percentile £357 £440 £410
25th Percentile £454 £505 £477
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £550 £610 £575
Median % change year-on-year -9.84% +6.09% +9.52%
75th Percentile £688 £725 £675
90th Percentile £825 £800 £750
UK excluding London median daily rate £500 £550 £500
% change year-on-year -9.09% +10.00% +6.67%
Number of hourly rates quoted 50 37 57
10th Percentile - £60.75 £35.00
25th Percentile £61.25 £65.00 £46.25
Median hourly rate £65.00 £70.00 £67.36
Median % change year-on-year -7.14% +3.92% +6.92%
75th Percentile - £75.00 £76.64
90th Percentile - - £77.50
UK excluding London median hourly rate £65.00 £65.00 £70.00
% change year-on-year - -7.14% +20.69%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

TDD is in the Processes and Methodologies category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 36,802 50,277 79,372
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 85.47% 89.69% 90.61%
Number of daily rates quoted 23,632 34,811 55,790
10th Percentile £300 £325 £345
25th Percentile £413 £438 £431
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £525 £550 £538
Median % change year-on-year -4.55% +2.33% +7.50%
75th Percentile £638 £650 £644
90th Percentile £750 £750 £738
UK excluding London median daily rate £500 £500 £488
% change year-on-year - +2.56% +9.18%
Number of hourly rates quoted 2,530 1,673 1,868
10th Percentile £12.75 £10.63 £12.50
25th Percentile £16.00 £15.72 £15.63
Median hourly rate £36.50 £36.25 £25.68
Median % change year-on-year +0.69% +41.16% +9.74%
75th Percentile £60.75 £65.00 £50.00
90th Percentile £72.50 £75.00 £65.00
UK excluding London median hourly rate £38.12 £35.00 £20.00
% change year-on-year +8.91% +75.00% -4.76%

TDD
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing TDD as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for TDD in the UK

TDD
Contractor Daily Rate Trend

3-month moving average daily rate quoted in jobs citing TDD.

Daily rate trend for TDD in the UK

TDD
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing TDD over the 6 months to 1 June 2024.

Daily rate histogram for TDD in the UK

TDD
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend

3-month moving average hourly rates quoted in jobs citing TDD.

Hourly rate trend for TDD in the UK

TDD
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing TDD over the 6 months to 1 June 2024.

Hourly rate histogram for TDD in the UK

TDD
Top 15 Contract Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing TDD within the UK over the 6 months to 1 June 2024. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -34 745 £550 -12.00% 529
London -14 503 £600 -7.69% 228
UK excluding London -68 252 £500 -9.09% 319
Work from Home -70 232 £500 -16.14% 357
North of England -60 69 £550 -4.35% 115
East of England +2 62 £500 -14.24% 20
South East -28 52 £413 -28.57% 63
Yorkshire -20 40 £550 -8.33% 15
South West -18 29 £585 +11.43% 40
Scotland -21 28 £463 -5.13% 23
North West -52 24 £525 -4.55% 94
Midlands -15 12 £450 -24.37% 44
West Midlands -17 11 £450 -24.37% 29
North East -2 5 £375 -25.00% 6
East Midlands -5 1 £398 -43.21% 15

TDD
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 29 (3.55%) Confluence
2 19 (2.33%) CMS
3 16 (1.96%) Apache
4 14 (1.71%) nginx
5 9 (1.10%) Apache Spark
5 9 (1.10%) Drupal
6 7 (0.86%) SAS
7 5 (0.61%) Apache Airflow
7 5 (0.61%) SharePoint
8 4 (0.49%) Appian
8 4 (0.49%) Cloud Foundry
8 4 (0.49%) OpenStack
9 3 (0.37%) IIS
9 3 (0.37%) JBoss
10 2 (0.24%) Anypoint
10 2 (0.24%) Apache Solr
10 2 (0.24%) Jadu
10 2 (0.24%) Microsoft Exchange
10 2 (0.24%) NServiceBus
11 1 (0.12%) Red Hat Fuse
Applications
1 4 (0.49%) Microsoft Office
2 3 (0.37%) Microsoft Project
2 3 (0.37%) Trello
3 2 (0.24%) Chatbot
4 1 (0.12%) Microsoft Excel
Business Applications
1 7 (0.86%) NEC Housing
2 6 (0.73%) Dynamics CRM
2 6 (0.73%) Shopify
3 3 (0.37%) RMDS
4 1 (0.12%) Aareon QL
4 1 (0.12%) Distributed Ledger
4 1 (0.12%) Endur
4 1 (0.12%) IBM Planning Analytics
4 1 (0.12%) Magento
4 1 (0.12%) MIS ActiveH
4 1 (0.12%) NetSuite
4 1 (0.12%) OPENHousing
4 1 (0.12%) SAP MDG
Cloud Services
1 257 (31.46%) AWS
2 251 (30.72%) Azure
3 113 (13.83%) Azure DevOps
4 98 (12.00%) GCP
5 78 (9.55%) Azure Service Bus
6 71 (8.69%) Serverless
7 57 (6.98%) Azure Cosmos DB
8 52 (6.36%) GitHub
9 42 (5.14%) Azure Monitor
10 32 (3.92%) AWS Lambda
11 26 (3.18%) Amazon S3
12 23 (2.82%) Azure API Management
12 23 (2.82%) PaaS
13 22 (2.69%) Azure Functions
14 20 (2.45%) Power Platform
15 19 (2.33%) Azure Key Vault
15 19 (2.33%) Azure Storage
16 18 (2.20%) Azure Pipelines
17 17 (2.08%) Azure Data Factory
17 17 (2.08%) Azure Logic Apps
Communications & Networking
1 42 (5.14%) HTTP
2 34 (4.16%) Modbus
2 34 (4.16%) RS-422
2 34 (4.16%) RS-485
3 18 (2.20%) TCP/IP
4 11 (1.35%) Ethernet
5 9 (1.10%) FTP
5 9 (1.10%) SSH
6 5 (0.61%) Internet
7 4 (0.49%) SSL
8 2 (0.24%) DNS
8 2 (0.24%) Firewall
8 2 (0.24%) Unified Communications
9 1 (0.12%) DHCP
9 1 (0.12%) HTTPS
9 1 (0.12%) PuTTY
9 1 (0.12%) SNMP
9 1 (0.12%) VLAN
9 1 (0.12%) VPN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 119 (14.57%) SQL Server
2 75 (9.18%) NoSQL
3 59 (7.22%) PostgreSQL
4 51 (6.24%) MongoDB
5 44 (5.39%) Relational Database
6 42 (5.14%) Apache Cassandra
7 36 (4.41%) Azure SQL Database
8 25 (3.06%) MySQL
9 13 (1.59%) Data Warehouse
9 13 (1.59%) Redis
10 12 (1.47%) Data Lake
10 12 (1.47%) KDB
10 12 (1.47%) Power BI
11 11 (1.35%) Amazon Aurora
11 11 (1.35%) Oracle Database
12 8 (0.98%) Big Data
12 8 (0.98%) DynamoDB
12 8 (0.98%) Elasticsearch
13 7 (0.86%) OLTP
14 6 (0.73%) Amazon RDS
Development Applications
1 178 (21.79%) Git
2 95 (11.63%) Jenkins
3 76 (9.30%) JIRA
4 61 (7.47%) JUnit
5 45 (5.51%) Cucumber
6 44 (5.39%) Postman
7 39 (4.77%) Selenium
8 38 (4.65%) Mockito
9 36 (4.41%) Visual Studio
10 33 (4.04%) Cypress.io
11 26 (3.18%) TeamCity
12 25 (3.06%) SpecFlow
13 20 (2.45%) JMeter
14 18 (2.20%) Maven
15 16 (1.96%) WebDriver
16 15 (1.84%) Gradle
17 14 (1.71%) GitLab
17 14 (1.71%) NUnit
18 13 (1.59%) SoapUI
19 12 (1.47%) Eclipse
General
1 187 (22.89%) Finance
2 172 (21.05%) Social Skills
3 71 (8.69%) Public Sector
4 68 (8.32%) Front Office
5 67 (8.20%) Banking
6 41 (5.02%) Analytical Skills
6 41 (5.02%) Back Office
7 39 (4.77%) Electronics
8 25 (3.06%) Investment Banking
9 21 (2.57%) Presentation Skills
9 21 (2.57%) Retail
10 12 (1.47%) Inclusion and Diversity
10 12 (1.47%) Marketing
10 12 (1.47%) Military
11 9 (1.10%) Manufacturing
12 8 (0.98%) Tech for Good
13 7 (0.86%) Advertising
13 7 (0.86%) Telecoms
14 6 (0.73%) Law
15 5 (0.61%) Automotive
Job Titles
1 487 (59.61%) Developer
2 178 (21.79%) Senior
3 144 (17.63%) Java Developer
4 129 (15.79%) Software Engineer
5 116 (14.20%) Senior Developer
6 66 (8.08%) Lead
7 56 (6.85%) Full Stack Developer
8 54 (6.61%) .NET Developer
9 49 (6.00%) Scala Developer
10 45 (5.51%) Senior Java Developer
11 43 (5.26%) C# Developer
12 40 (4.90%) Python Developer
13 36 (4.41%) C++ Software Engineer
14 29 (3.55%) Software Developer
15 27 (3.30%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
16 26 (3.18%) Test Engineer
17 25 (3.06%) Lead Developer
17 25 (3.06%) React Developer
18 24 (2.94%) Developer/Software Engineer
18 24 (2.94%) Finance Manager
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 200 (24.48%) .NET
2 157 (19.22%) React
3 139 (17.01%) Spring
4 126 (15.42%) REST
5 119 (14.57%) Kafka
6 106 (12.97%) .NET Core
7 101 (12.36%) CSS
8 98 (12.00%) HTML
8 98 (12.00%) Spring Boot
9 95 (11.63%) RESTful
10 86 (10.53%) Node.js
11 81 (9.91%) Web Services
12 65 (7.96%) AngularJS
13 48 (5.88%) Redux
14 43 (5.26%) Akka
15 42 (5.14%) ASP.NET
16 38 (4.65%) XML
17 34 (4.16%) SOAP
18 33 (4.04%) GraphQL
19 32 (3.92%) .NET Framework
Miscellaneous
1 59 (7.22%) Derivative
2 52 (6.36%) Fixed Income
3 47 (5.75%) Product Ownership
4 40 (4.90%) Self-Motivation
5 34 (4.16%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
6 29 (3.55%) Hedge funds
7 26 (3.18%) Distributed Systems
8 24 (2.94%) Algorithms
8 24 (2.94%) Equities
9 21 (2.57%) Enterprise Software
10 20 (2.45%) Data Structures
11 17 (2.08%) Data Protection Act
11 17 (2.08%) Mobile App
12 13 (1.59%) Cloud Native
13 12 (1.47%) Linux Command Line
14 10 (1.22%) Legacy Systems
15 8 (0.98%) Public Cloud
16 7 (0.86%) Greenfield Project
16 7 (0.86%) Management Information System
16 7 (0.86%) Virtual Team
Operating Systems
1 97 (11.87%) Linux
2 78 (9.55%) Unix
3 24 (2.94%) Mac OS X
4 21 (2.57%) Windows
5 13 (1.59%) Android
6 8 (0.98%) Apple iOS
7 3 (0.37%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
8 1 (0.12%) Ubuntu
Processes & Methodologies
1 541 (66.22%) Agile
2 328 (40.15%) DevOps
3 260 (31.82%) CI/CD
4 242 (29.62%) Microservices
5 229 (28.03%) Software Engineering
6 228 (27.91%) BDD
7 216 (26.44%) Test Automation
8 194 (23.75%) Continuous Integration
9 168 (20.56%) Pair Programming
10 137 (16.77%) Scrum
11 136 (16.65%) Unit Testing
12 123 (15.06%) Full Stack Development
13 115 (14.08%) Clean Code
14 97 (11.87%) OO
15 77 (9.42%) Kanban
15 77 (9.42%) Software Testing
16 68 (8.32%) API Management
17 64 (7.83%) Continuous Improvement
18 62 (7.59%) Mentoring
18 62 (7.59%) OOD
Programming Languages
1 285 (34.88%) Java
2 244 (29.87%) C#
3 215 (26.32%) JavaScript
4 176 (21.54%) SQL
5 151 (18.48%) TypeScript
6 116 (14.20%) Python
7 66 (8.08%) Scala
8 63 (7.71%) C++
9 55 (6.73%) Bicep
10 49 (6.00%) PHP
11 48 (5.88%) C
12 30 (3.67%) PowerShell
13 26 (3.18%) Go
14 22 (2.69%) Kotlin
14 22 (2.69%) Shell Script
15 14 (1.71%) Ruby
16 11 (1.35%) Groovy
17 10 (1.22%) Bash
18 7 (0.86%) BeanShell
18 7 (0.86%) Perl
Qualifications
1 84 (10.28%) Security Cleared
2 75 (9.18%) SC Cleared
3 57 (6.98%) Degree
4 27 (3.30%) Computer Science Degree
5 16 (1.96%) Master's Degree
6 11 (1.35%) ISTQB
6 11 (1.35%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
7 5 (0.61%) DV Cleared
8 4 (0.49%) HNC
9 3 (0.37%) PMI Certification
9 3 (0.37%) PMP
10 2 (0.24%) Azure Certification
10 2 (0.24%) BPSS Clearance
10 2 (0.24%) CTC Cleared
10 2 (0.24%) ISEB
10 2 (0.24%) Microsoft Certification
10 2 (0.24%) Numerate Degree
10 2 (0.24%) OCP
10 2 (0.24%) Oracle Certification
11 1 (0.12%) SANS
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 74 (9.06%) QA
2 63 (7.71%) Accessibility
3 24 (2.94%) WCAG
4 9 (1.10%) MiFID
5 5 (0.61%) Data Quality
6 3 (0.37%) PMO
7 2 (0.24%) Disclosure Scotland
7 2 (0.24%) HL7
7 2 (0.24%) PCI DSS
8 1 (0.12%) GDPR
8 1 (0.12%) ISO 20022
8 1 (0.12%) NIST
8 1 (0.12%) SLA
System Software
1 108 (13.22%) Docker
2 49 (6.00%) Active Directory
3 4 (0.49%) zsh
4 1 (0.12%) GridGain
4 1 (0.12%) Hyper-V
4 1 (0.12%) Virtual Servers
Systems Management
1 138 (16.89%) Kubernetes
2 51 (6.24%) Terraform
3 38 (4.65%) Grafana
4 16 (1.96%) Ansible
4 16 (1.96%) Prometheus
5 14 (1.71%) Kibana
6 6 (0.73%) Puppet
6 6 (0.73%) Single Sign-On
7 3 (0.37%) logstash
7 3 (0.37%) Netcool
7 3 (0.37%) Progress Chef
8 2 (0.24%) Istio
8 2 (0.24%) Microsoft Intune
9 1 (0.12%) Docker Swarm
9 1 (0.12%) HAProxy
9 1 (0.12%) Salt
Vendors
1 136 (16.65%) Microsoft
2 43 (5.26%) Oracle
3 21 (2.57%) Typelevel
4 20 (2.45%) Google
5 13 (1.59%) ION Trading
5 13 (1.59%) SAP
6 12 (1.47%) Salesforce
7 8 (0.98%) Atlassian
7 8 (0.98%) Splunk
8 7 (0.86%) IBM
8 7 (0.86%) NEC
9 6 (0.73%) Databricks
10 5 (0.61%) Adobe
10 5 (0.61%) AppDynamics
10 5 (0.61%) New Relic
10 5 (0.61%) Sitecore
10 5 (0.61%) TIBCO
11 4 (0.49%) Informatica
11 4 (0.49%) OpenText
11 4 (0.49%) Pega