Machine Learning (ML)
UK

The following table provides summary statistics for permanent job vacancies with a requirement for Machine Learning skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the salaries offered in vacancies that have cited Machine Learning over the 6 months to 3 May 2024 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

6 months to
3 May 2024
Same period 2023 Same period 2022
Rank 70 105 58
Rank change year-on-year +35 -47 +20
Permanent jobs citing Machine Learning 3,574 3,322 8,499
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 3.62% 3.20% 5.43%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 4.22% 3.35% 5.68%
Number of salaries quoted 1,651 1,618 2,727
10th Percentile £43,750 £45,000 £42,500
25th Percentile £52,500 £56,000 £53,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £70,000 £72,500
Median % change year-on-year - -3.45% +16.00%
75th Percentile £93,750 £89,577 £90,000
90th Percentile £115,000 £110,000 £110,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £60,249 £65,000 £60,000
% change year-on-year -7.31% +8.33% +9.09%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

Machine Learning is in the Processes and Methodologies category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 84,746 99,225 149,638
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 85.94% 95.61% 95.61%
Number of salaries quoted 59,834 58,281 83,297
10th Percentile £29,000 £34,000 £33,500
25th Percentile £40,000 £45,000 £43,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £55,000 £61,500 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -10.57% +2.50% +9.09%
75th Percentile £72,500 £81,750 £80,000
90th Percentile £92,500 £100,000 £96,250
UK excluding London median annual salary £50,000 £55,000 £52,500
% change year-on-year -9.09% +4.76% +9.38%

Machine Learning
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing Machine Learning as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing Machine Learning.

Salary trend for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Machine Learning over the 6 months to 3 May 2024.

Salary histogram for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Top 19 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Machine Learning within the UK over the 6 months to 3 May 2024. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
UK excluding London +41 2,552 £60,249 -7.31% 451
England -16 2,003 £70,000 - 967
Scotland +70 1,477 £70,000 +7.69% 26
London +21 919 £85,000 +12.15% 508
Work from Home -14 913 £65,000 -6.50% 523
South East -6 344 £65,000 -7.14% 139
South West -26 237 £65,000 -1.45% 57
North of England -123 192 £57,500 -11.54% 76
Midlands -27 176 £57,500 - 41
West Midlands -22 135 £57,500 +9.52% 27
North West -91 111 £60,000 - 47
East of England -9 101 £65,000 -7.14% 104
Yorkshire -79 67 £57,500 -17.20% 22
East Midlands -21 41 £47,500 -36.67% 14
North East -18 14 £47,500 -26.92% 7
Wales -5 13 £60,000 +9.01% 7
Northern Ireland +32 9 £100,000 +33.33% 13
Channel Islands - 2 - -
Isle of Man - 2 £82,500 -

Machine Learning
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 390 (10.91%) Apache Spark
2 159 (4.45%) Apache
3 142 (3.97%) Apache Airflow
4 101 (2.83%) FileNet
5 59 (1.65%) SAS
6 28 (0.78%) Confluence
7 21 (0.59%) SharePoint
8 13 (0.36%) Jupyter
9 11 (0.31%) CICS
9 11 (0.31%) nginx
10 5 (0.14%) Appian
10 5 (0.14%) Kinematics
10 5 (0.14%) WordPress
11 3 (0.084%) Alfresco
11 3 (0.084%) CMS
11 3 (0.084%) Documentum
11 3 (0.084%) IIS
11 3 (0.084%) Microsoft Exchange
12 2 (0.056%) ArcGIS
13 1 (0.028%) Luigi
Applications
1 62 (1.73%) Microsoft Excel
2 53 (1.48%) Simulink
3 21 (0.59%) Microsoft Office
4 19 (0.53%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 9 (0.25%) MS Visio
6 8 (0.22%) Chatbot
7 7 (0.20%) Microsoft Project
8 6 (0.17%) EViews
8 6 (0.17%) Stateflow
9 4 (0.11%) Spreadsheet
9 4 (0.11%) Trello
10 2 (0.056%) SPSS
11 1 (0.028%) Blender
Business Applications
1 14 (0.39%) Aladdin
2 8 (0.22%) Siebel CRM
3 3 (0.084%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
4 2 (0.056%) Magento
5 1 (0.028%) Data Workbench
5 1 (0.028%) Dynamics CRM
5 1 (0.028%) Dynamics NAV
5 1 (0.028%) Salesforce CRM
5 1 (0.028%) SAP Business One
5 1 (0.028%) SAP S/4HANA
Cloud Services
1 1,313 (36.74%) AWS
2 851 (23.81%) Azure
3 387 (10.83%) GCP
4 363 (10.16%) Power Platform
5 135 (3.78%) GitHub
6 122 (3.41%) SaaS
7 121 (3.39%) Amazon S3
8 116 (3.25%) Cloud Computing
9 93 (2.60%) Serverless
10 89 (2.49%) Azure DevOps
11 88 (2.46%) Snowflake
12 81 (2.27%) Azure Data Factory
12 81 (2.27%) Datadog
13 72 (2.01%) Azure Synapse Analytics
14 67 (1.87%) Matillion
15 58 (1.62%) Azure Cosmos DB
16 56 (1.57%) Azure Machine Learning
17 55 (1.54%) Amazon CloudWatch
18 50 (1.40%) PowerApps
19 46 (1.29%) Amazon EKS
Communications & Networking
1 35 (0.98%) DNS
2 28 (0.78%) HTTP
3 20 (0.56%) Firewall
4 18 (0.50%) DSL
5 16 (0.45%) Network Security
5 16 (0.45%) TCP/IP
6 14 (0.39%) Internet
7 13 (0.36%) VPN
8 11 (0.31%) Wireless
9 9 (0.25%) LAN
9 9 (0.25%) WAN
9 9 (0.25%) WLAN
10 8 (0.22%) MQTT
11 7 (0.20%) OpenVPN
12 6 (0.17%) DHCP
13 5 (0.14%) Modbus
13 5 (0.14%) SSL
14 4 (0.11%) RFID
14 4 (0.11%) SD-WAN
14 4 (0.11%) ZigBee
Database & Business Intelligence
1 507 (14.19%) NoSQL
2 356 (9.96%) Big Data
3 339 (9.49%) Power BI
4 273 (7.64%) Data Warehouse
5 255 (7.13%) SQL Server
6 237 (6.63%) Data Lake
7 182 (5.09%) Tableau
8 172 (4.81%) Hadoop
9 156 (4.36%) Elasticsearch
10 137 (3.83%) Apache Cassandra
11 136 (3.81%) Apache Hive
12 128 (3.58%) PostgreSQL
13 111 (3.11%) SQL Server Integration Services
14 104 (2.91%) HBase
15 94 (2.63%) MongoDB
16 84 (2.35%) Relational Database
17 82 (2.29%) Apache Ignite
18 64 (1.79%) Data Mining
19 58 (1.62%) MySQL
20 42 (1.18%) Star Schema
Development Applications
1 309 (8.65%) Git
2 202 (5.65%) JUnit
3 197 (5.51%) Jenkins
4 130 (3.64%) Cypress.io
5 105 (2.94%) Jasmine
6 86 (2.41%) Bitbucket Server
7 83 (2.32%) Selenium
8 60 (1.68%) Karma Test Runner
8 60 (1.68%) Protractor
8 60 (1.68%) WebDriver
9 54 (1.51%) JIRA
10 48 (1.34%) GitLab
11 45 (1.26%) Mockito
12 25 (0.70%) Android Studio
13 20 (0.56%) SoapUI
14 19 (0.53%) JMeter
15 17 (0.48%) CircleCI
15 17 (0.48%) MLflow
16 13 (0.36%) Bitbucket
16 13 (0.36%) Vagrant
General
1 2,066 (57.81%) Finance
2 1,585 (44.35%) Inclusion and Diversity
3 1,509 (42.22%) Law
4 785 (21.96%) Marketing
5 765 (21.40%) Social Skills
6 527 (14.75%) Banking
7 525 (14.69%) Legal
8 308 (8.62%) Analytical Skills
9 294 (8.23%) Investment Banking
10 233 (6.52%) Retail
11 193 (5.40%) Public Sector
12 132 (3.69%) Front Office
13 117 (3.27%) Presentation Skills
14 93 (2.60%) Financial Institution
15 92 (2.57%) Influencing Skills
16 88 (2.46%) Games
17 56 (1.57%) Manufacturing
18 38 (1.06%) Organisational Skills
19 35 (0.98%) Electronics
20 33 (0.92%) Automotive
Job Titles
1 1,524 (42.64%) Software Engineer
2 620 (17.35%) Lead
3 619 (17.32%) Senior
4 590 (16.51%) Java Engineer
5 584 (16.34%) Java Software Engineer
6 479 (13.40%) Developer
7 408 (11.42%) Lead Software Engineer
8 349 (9.76%) Data Engineer
9 337 (9.43%) Python Engineer
10 301 (8.42%) Data Scientist
11 290 (8.11%) Full Stack Engineer
12 287 (8.03%) Python Software Engineer
13 279 (7.81%) Full Stack Software Engineer
14 223 (6.24%) Architect
15 204 (5.71%) AWS Engineer
16 191 (5.34%) AWS Software Engineer
17 175 (4.90%) Senior Software Engineer
18 160 (4.48%) Developer/Software Engineer
18 160 (4.48%) Senior Data Scientist
19 153 (4.28%) Lead Java Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 547 (15.30%) React
2 411 (11.50%) Spring
3 352 (9.85%) AngularJS
4 309 (8.65%) Kafka
5 255 (7.13%) HTML
6 221 (6.18%) J2EE
7 213 (5.96%) CSS
8 201 (5.62%) Node.js
9 180 (5.04%) Hibernate
10 171 (4.78%) JMS
11 167 (4.67%) TensorFlow
12 165 (4.62%) Twitter Bootstrap
13 164 (4.59%) PySpark
14 160 (4.48%) JSON
15 142 (3.97%) .NET
16 135 (3.78%) PyTorch
17 134 (3.75%) jQuery
17 134 (3.75%) Spring Boot
18 124 (3.47%) Pandas
19 112 (3.13%) GraphQL
Miscellaneous
1 961 (26.89%) Algorithms
2 512 (14.33%) Cloud Native
3 208 (5.82%) Data Structures
4 198 (5.54%) Onboarding
5 193 (5.40%) Public Cloud
6 173 (4.84%) Product Ownership
7 134 (3.75%) Hedge funds
8 130 (3.64%) Fixed Income
9 113 (3.16%) Management Information System
10 96 (2.69%) Equities
11 70 (1.96%) Self-Motivation
12 66 (1.85%) IoT
13 63 (1.76%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
14 55 (1.54%) Distributed Systems
15 50 (1.40%) Derivative
16 49 (1.37%) Reference Data
17 43 (1.20%) Legacy Code
18 42 (1.18%) Credit Risk
19 38 (1.06%) Blockchain
19 38 (1.06%) Taxonomies
Operating Systems
1 180 (5.04%) Linux
2 157 (4.39%) Unix
3 67 (1.87%) Windows
4 50 (1.40%) Android
5 19 (0.53%) CentOS
6 18 (0.50%) Windows Server
7 15 (0.42%) Embedded Linux
8 14 (0.39%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
9 12 (0.34%) Apple iOS
9 12 (0.34%) Ubuntu
10 9 (0.25%) Windows Server 2019
11 6 (0.17%) Windows Server 2016
12 3 (0.084%) Windows 10
12 3 (0.084%) Windows Server 2003
13 2 (0.056%) Mac OS
14 1 (0.028%) Solaris
14 1 (0.028%) VMS
Processes & Methodologies
1 2,753 (77.03%) Artificial Intelligence
2 1,952 (54.62%) Agile
3 1,846 (51.65%) Software Engineering
4 1,458 (40.79%) CI/CD
5 1,305 (36.51%) SDLC
6 1,228 (34.36%) Operational Stability
7 997 (27.90%) Visualisation
8 909 (25.43%) Community of Practice
9 906 (25.35%) Data Science
10 784 (21.94%) Analytics
11 750 (20.98%) Continuous Improvement
12 623 (17.43%) Computer Science
13 593 (16.59%) Decision-Making
14 545 (15.25%) Problem-Solving
15 532 (14.89%) Risk Management
16 480 (13.43%) Business Intelligence
17 467 (13.07%) Full Stack Development
18 445 (12.45%) Microservices
19 428 (11.98%) ETL
20 366 (10.24%) Data Modelling
Programming Languages
1 1,784 (49.92%) Python
2 1,428 (39.96%) SQL
3 1,286 (35.98%) Java
4 411 (11.50%) JavaScript
5 389 (10.88%) TypeScript
6 230 (6.44%) C#
7 160 (4.48%) R
8 159 (4.45%) Scala
9 136 (3.81%) C++
10 107 (2.99%) PL/SQL
11 102 (2.85%) C
12 71 (1.99%) Kotlin
13 64 (1.79%) MATLAB
14 62 (1.73%) Go
15 57 (1.59%) T-SQL
16 31 (0.87%) Haskell
17 26 (0.73%) Fortran
18 25 (0.70%) Bash
18 25 (0.70%) Data Analysis Expressions
19 24 (0.67%) PowerShell
Qualifications
1 808 (22.61%) Degree
2 244 (6.83%) Master's Degree
3 236 (6.60%) Computer Science Degree
4 204 (5.71%) Security Cleared
5 168 (4.70%) PhD
6 112 (3.13%) SC Cleared
7 61 (1.71%) DV Cleared
8 46 (1.29%) DBS Check
9 30 (0.84%) Microsoft Certification
10 28 (0.78%) PMI Certification
11 27 (0.76%) AWS Certification
12 21 (0.59%) BPSS Clearance
13 20 (0.56%) Azure Certification
13 20 (0.56%) Numerate Degree
14 16 (0.45%) CISM
14 16 (0.45%) CISSP
15 10 (0.28%) CRISC
16 9 (0.25%) MBA
17 7 (0.20%) CISA
18 6 (0.17%) Network+ Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 143 (4.00%) Data Quality
2 70 (1.96%) QA
3 62 (1.73%) Accessibility
4 53 (1.48%) GDPR
5 22 (0.62%) SLA
6 15 (0.42%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 12 (0.34%) NIST
8 9 (0.25%) PMO
9 6 (0.17%) Def Stans
9 6 (0.17%) IEC 61508
10 5 (0.14%) PCI DSS
11 4 (0.11%) Actionable Recommendations
11 4 (0.11%) COBIT
12 3 (0.084%) GRC
12 3 (0.084%) JSP 440
13 2 (0.056%) SNOMED CT
14 1 (0.028%) HIPAA
14 1 (0.028%) ISO/IEC 27001
System Software
1 169 (4.73%) Docker
2 111 (3.11%) HDFS
3 24 (0.67%) Virtual Machines
4 23 (0.64%) Firmware
5 11 (0.31%) Time Sharing Option
6 10 (0.28%) Active Directory
6 10 (0.28%) VMware Infrastructure
7 8 (0.22%) Hyper-V
8 2 (0.056%) IAG
9 1 (0.028%) KVM
9 1 (0.028%) Slurm Workload Manager
9 1 (0.028%) VMware ESXi
Systems Management
1 362 (10.13%) Kubernetes
2 331 (9.26%) Terraform
3 98 (2.74%) Grafana
4 40 (1.12%) Ansible
5 25 (0.70%) Prometheus
6 12 (0.34%) Microsoft Intune
7 7 (0.20%) Argo
7 7 (0.20%) Graphite
8 6 (0.17%) Kubeflow
9 4 (0.11%) Progress Chef
10 3 (0.084%) Backup Exec
11 2 (0.056%) Core Impact
11 2 (0.056%) Podman
11 2 (0.056%) Puppet
12 1 (0.028%) Avamar
12 1 (0.028%) EMC NetWorker
12 1 (0.028%) EMC VPLEX
12 1 (0.028%) FortiGate
12 1 (0.028%) Oracle Identity Management
12 1 (0.028%) Packer
Vendors
1 448 (12.53%) Databricks
2 368 (10.30%) Microsoft
3 290 (8.11%) Oracle
4 210 (5.88%) Google
5 104 (2.91%) Splunk
6 99 (2.77%) Alteryx
7 93 (2.60%) Informatica
8 90 (2.52%) Dynatrace
9 82 (2.29%) Cloudera
10 31 (0.87%) OpenAI
11 27 (0.76%) Xilinx
12 26 (0.73%) Salesforce
13 23 (0.64%) SAP
14 21 (0.59%) Dataiku
15 20 (0.56%) Bloomberg
16 18 (0.50%) Cognos
16 18 (0.50%) Dell
16 18 (0.50%) SaltStack
16 18 (0.50%) Sybase
17 16 (0.45%) IBM