Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI)
UK

The table below looks at the prevalence of the term PKI in contract job vacancies. Included is a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that have cited PKI over the 6 months to 20 May 2024 with a comparison to the same period over the previous 2 years.

6 months to
20 May 2024
Same period 2023 Same period 2022
Rank 204 307 455
Rank change year-on-year +103 +148 +4
Contract jobs citing PKI 485 464 470
As % of all contract jobs advertised in the UK 1.14% 0.81% 0.53%
As % of the Miscellaneous category 3.76% 2.44% 1.60%
Number of daily rates quoted 342 344 331
10th Percentile £363 £425 £413
25th Percentile £450 £475 £463
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £550 £575 £560
Median % change year-on-year -4.35% +2.68% +17.89%
75th Percentile £625 £650 £675
90th Percentile £688 £750 £738
UK excluding London median daily rate £550 £565 £510
% change year-on-year -2.57% +10.69% +13.33%
Number of hourly rates quoted 3 4 10
10th Percentile - £29.10 £47.90
25th Percentile - £50.25 £53.91
Median hourly rate £23.80 £65.00 £61.75
Median % change year-on-year -63.38% +5.26% +64.67%
75th Percentile £32.03 £70.25 £66.00
90th Percentile £36.96 £77.90 -
UK excluding London median hourly rate £38.50 £15.00 £54.43
% change year-on-year +156.67% -72.44% +262.87%

All Generic Skills
UK

PKI is in the General and Transferable Skills category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies with a requirement for generic IT skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for generic IT skills 12,902 19,052 29,287
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 30.33% 33.27% 33.16%
Number of daily rates quoted 8,318 13,115 20,490
10th Percentile £267 £313 £313
25th Percentile £413 £450 £438
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £540 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -1.82% - +10.00%
75th Percentile £663 £680 £660
90th Percentile £800 £800 £763
UK excluding London median daily rate £500 £500 £475
% change year-on-year - +5.26% +8.57%
Number of hourly rates quoted 897 626 721
10th Percentile £12.25 £9.80 £14.25
25th Percentile £15.17 £10.63 £17.00
Median hourly rate £31.50 £22.26 £27.00
Median % change year-on-year +41.54% -17.57% +3.85%
75th Percentile £61.30 £62.25 £50.00
90th Percentile £70.00 £75.00 £65.76
UK excluding London median hourly rate £30.00 £22.00 £21.00
% change year-on-year +36.36% +4.76% -10.83%

PKI
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing PKI as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for PKI in the UK

PKI
Contractor Daily Rate Trend

3-month moving average daily rate quoted in jobs citing PKI.

Daily rate trend for PKI in the UK

PKI
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing PKI over the 6 months to 20 May 2024.

Daily rate histogram for PKI in the UK

PKI
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend

3-month moving average hourly rates quoted in jobs citing PKI.

Hourly rate trend for PKI in the UK

PKI
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing PKI over the 6 months to 20 May 2024.

Hourly rate histogram for PKI in the UK

PKI
Top 13 Contract Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing PKI within the UK over the 6 months to 20 May 2024. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +128 460 £550 -8.33% 86
UK excluding London +121 389 £550 -2.57% 78
South East +85 160 £603 +0.42% 34
South West +67 110 £550 -4.35% 13
Work from Home +27 92 £605 +11.52% 36
London +21 84 £565 -5.83% 19
West Midlands +74 83 £375 -40.83% 10
Midlands +67 83 £375 -31.03% 13
Scotland +30 17 £600 +13.21% 6
North of England -10 14 £575 +1.86% 8
North West -21 10 £600 +9.09% 5
East of England -3 5 £650 -7.14% 2
North East +12 4 £431 -45.24%

PKI
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 78 (16.08%) Microsoft Exchange
2 24 (4.95%) Confluence
3 21 (4.33%) SharePoint
4 7 (1.44%) nginx
5 4 (0.82%) Apache
5 4 (0.82%) IIS
6 2 (0.41%) Exchange Server 2010
6 2 (0.41%) Exchange Server 2013
6 2 (0.41%) Skype for Business
6 2 (0.41%) Traefik
7 1 (0.21%) Cloud Foundry
7 1 (0.21%) EPiServer
7 1 (0.21%) Ethereum
7 1 (0.21%) Hyperledger
7 1 (0.21%) Tomcat
7 1 (0.21%) WebSphere
Applications
1 8 (1.65%) Microsoft Office
2 2 (0.41%) MS Visio
3 1 (0.21%) Microsoft Excel
Business Applications
1 4 (0.82%) Dynamics GP
2 3 (0.62%) Remedy ITSM
Cloud Services
1 129 (26.60%) Azure
2 87 (17.94%) AWS
3 55 (11.34%) Microsoft 365
4 43 (8.87%) Entra ID
5 21 (4.33%) Azure Monitor
6 17 (3.51%) Azure Storage
7 14 (2.89%) GCP
8 12 (2.47%) Power Platform
9 8 (1.65%) Mimecast
9 8 (1.65%) OneDrive
10 7 (1.44%) PaaS
11 6 (1.24%) Amazon EC2
11 6 (1.24%) Amazon EKS
11 6 (1.24%) Power Automate
11 6 (1.24%) PowerApps
12 5 (1.03%) Azure ExpressRoute
12 5 (1.03%) Azure Sentinel
12 5 (1.03%) Cloud Computing
12 5 (1.03%) GitHub
12 5 (1.03%) Serverless
Communications & Networking
1 105 (21.65%) DNS
2 101 (20.82%) Firewall
3 92 (18.97%) WAN
4 81 (16.70%) DHCP
5 77 (15.88%) VPN
6 75 (15.46%) IPsec
7 72 (14.85%) BGP
8 62 (12.78%) MPLS
8 62 (12.78%) SSL
9 47 (9.69%) Junos
10 28 (5.77%) LAN
11 23 (4.74%) Network Security
12 19 (3.92%) SD-WAN
13 17 (3.51%) SAN
13 17 (3.51%) VSAN
14 16 (3.30%) OSPF
14 16 (3.30%) Wireless
15 11 (2.27%) TCP/IP
15 11 (2.27%) WLAN
16 10 (2.06%) NAS
Database & Business Intelligence
1 15 (3.09%) SQL Server
2 11 (2.27%) PostgreSQL
3 7 (1.44%) MySQL
3 7 (1.44%) Power BI
4 6 (1.24%) Amazon RDS
4 6 (1.24%) Elasticsearch
5 2 (0.41%) MongoDB
5 2 (0.41%) NoSQL
5 2 (0.41%) Tableau
6 1 (0.21%) Apache Cassandra
6 1 (0.21%) CouchDB
6 1 (0.21%) Redis
6 1 (0.21%) Relational Database
Development Applications
1 26 (5.36%) JIRA
2 14 (2.89%) Robot Framework
2 14 (2.89%) Sonatype Nexus
3 12 (2.47%) Git
4 7 (1.44%) Jenkins
5 6 (1.24%) GitLab
6 5 (1.03%) Bitbucket
7 2 (0.41%) JMeter
7 2 (0.41%) Selenium
7 2 (0.41%) Terragrunt
8 1 (0.21%) Burp Suite
8 1 (0.21%) CircleCI
8 1 (0.21%) Darcs
8 1 (0.21%) Jaeger
8 1 (0.21%) Mercurial
8 1 (0.21%) MSI
8 1 (0.21%) Travis CI
General
1 66 (13.61%) Social Skills
2 47 (9.69%) Public Sector
3 35 (7.22%) Finance
4 28 (5.77%) Analytical Skills
5 21 (4.33%) Military
6 14 (2.89%) Banking
7 6 (1.24%) Financial Institution
8 5 (1.03%) Inclusion and Diversity
9 3 (0.62%) Aerospace
9 3 (0.62%) Automotive
9 3 (0.62%) Influencing Skills
9 3 (0.62%) Manufacturing
10 2 (0.41%) Advertising
10 2 (0.41%) Documentation Skills
10 2 (0.41%) Telecoms
11 1 (0.21%) Investment Banking
11 1 (0.21%) Organisational Skills
11 1 (0.21%) Presentation Skills
11 1 (0.21%) Retail
Job Titles
1 103 (21.24%) Architect
2 47 (9.69%) Administrator
3 44 (9.07%) Security Architect
4 41 (8.45%) Systems Administrator
4 41 (8.45%) Wintel Administrator
4 41 (8.45%) Wintel Systems Administrator
5 33 (6.80%) Infrastructure Engineer
5 33 (6.80%) Network Support
6 31 (6.39%) Security Engineer
7 30 (6.19%) 3rd Line Support
8 29 (5.98%) 3rd Line Engineer
9 26 (5.36%) WAN Engineer
10 23 (4.74%) Senior
11 21 (4.33%) Support Engineer
12 18 (3.71%) Network Engineer
12 18 (3.71%) Test Engineer
13 17 (3.51%) 1st Line Engineer
13 17 (3.51%) Integration Engineer
13 17 (3.51%) Test and Integration Engineer
13 17 (3.51%) Wintel Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 42 (8.66%) Web Services
2 17 (3.51%) ARM Templates
3 11 (2.27%) LDAP
4 8 (1.65%) SAML
5 6 (1.24%) .NET
6 5 (1.03%) JSON
6 5 (1.03%) OAuth
6 5 (1.03%) RESTful
6 5 (1.03%) SailPoint
6 5 (1.03%) XML
7 4 (0.82%) AngularJS
7 4 (0.82%) Apache NiFi
7 4 (0.82%) OpenID
7 4 (0.82%) REST
8 3 (0.62%) Jinja
8 3 (0.62%) Kafka
8 3 (0.62%) Lambda Expressions
8 3 (0.62%) NETCONF
8 3 (0.62%) React
8 3 (0.62%) YANG
Miscellaneous
1 45 (9.28%) Self-Motivation
2 26 (5.36%) Data Centre
3 14 (2.89%) Clustering
4 13 (2.68%) Public Cloud
5 12 (2.47%) Security Posture
6 8 (1.65%) Fat Client
6 8 (1.65%) Hybrid Cloud
6 8 (1.65%) Management Information System
6 8 (1.65%) Thin Client
7 6 (1.24%) Digital Signage
8 4 (0.82%) Cyber Threat
8 4 (0.82%) Distributed Denial-of-Service
8 4 (0.82%) Enterprise Software
9 3 (0.62%) Algorithms
9 3 (0.62%) Cloud Native
9 3 (0.62%) Data Protection Act
9 3 (0.62%) Product Ownership
9 3 (0.62%) Virtual Team
10 2 (0.41%) Onboarding
10 2 (0.41%) Replication
Operating Systems
1 176 (36.29%) Windows
2 104 (21.44%) Windows Server
3 83 (17.11%) Linux
4 52 (10.72%) Windows Server 2019
5 32 (6.60%) Windows Server 2016
6 25 (5.15%) Windows Server 2012
7 11 (2.27%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 11 (2.27%) Ubuntu
8 9 (1.86%) CentOS
8 9 (1.86%) Windows 10
9 5 (1.03%) Windows Server 2003
10 3 (0.62%) Unix
11 2 (0.41%) VMS
11 2 (0.41%) Windows Server 2008
12 1 (0.21%) Alpine Linux
12 1 (0.21%) Debian
12 1 (0.21%) Solaris
12 1 (0.21%) Windows 7
Processes & Methodologies
1 87 (17.94%) Agile
2 56 (11.55%) Cryptography
3 55 (11.34%) Load Balancing
4 54 (11.13%) Key Management
5 49 (10.10%) Infrastructure as Code
6 48 (9.90%) Cybersecurity
6 48 (9.90%) ITIL
7 44 (9.07%) Service Management
8 43 (8.87%) Infrastructure Engineering
9 40 (8.25%) Identity Access Management
10 39 (8.04%) DevOps
11 36 (7.42%) Change Management
12 29 (5.98%) CI/CD
12 29 (5.98%) Cloud Security
13 26 (5.36%) Problem-Solving
14 25 (5.15%) Change Control
14 25 (5.15%) Multi-Factor Authentication
15 24 (4.95%) Risk Assessment
15 24 (4.95%) SIEM
16 23 (4.74%) Identity Management
Programming Languages
1 108 (22.27%) PowerShell
2 55 (11.34%) Python
3 33 (6.80%) SQL
4 20 (4.12%) C#
5 17 (3.51%) Bicep
5 17 (3.51%) VB
5 17 (3.51%) VBScript
6 11 (2.27%) Bash
7 5 (1.03%) Kusto Query Language
8 4 (0.82%) Go
9 3 (0.62%) Java
9 3 (0.62%) Ruby
10 2 (0.41%) C++
10 2 (0.41%) JavaScript
11 1 (0.21%) C
11 1 (0.21%) Perl
11 1 (0.21%) PHP
11 1 (0.21%) Rust
11 1 (0.21%) Solidity
11 1 (0.21%) TypeScript
Qualifications
1 336 (69.28%) Security Cleared
2 188 (38.76%) DV Cleared
3 131 (27.01%) SC Cleared
4 99 (20.41%) Degree
5 51 (10.52%) Microsoft Certification
6 26 (5.36%) MCSE
7 18 (3.71%) MCSA
7 18 (3.71%) VMware Certified Professional (VCP)
8 17 (3.51%) ITIL Foundation Certificate
9 9 (1.86%) CISM
9 9 (1.86%) CISSP
10 8 (1.65%) Cisco Certification
11 7 (1.44%) SANS
12 6 (1.24%) CCNP
12 6 (1.24%) CRISC
13 5 (1.03%) Computer Science Degree
13 5 (1.03%) ITIL Certification
14 4 (0.82%) CCNA
15 3 (0.62%) CCIE
15 3 (0.62%) CISA
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 14 (2.89%) JSP 440
2 13 (2.68%) ISO/IEC 27001
3 12 (2.47%) ISO/IEC 27002 (supersedes ISO/IEC 17799)
4 9 (1.86%) Disclosure Scotland
5 7 (1.44%) NCSC
5 7 (1.44%) RMADS
6 5 (1.03%) SLA
7 3 (0.62%) Cyber Essentials
7 3 (0.62%) PCI DSS
8 2 (0.41%) NIST
9 1 (0.21%) Cyber Essentials PLUS
9 1 (0.21%) ISO 20022
9 1 (0.21%) QA
System Software
1 182 (37.53%) Active Directory
2 65 (13.40%) VMware Infrastructure
3 34 (7.01%) VMware ESXi
4 28 (5.77%) vSphere
5 25 (5.15%) Virtual Machines
5 25 (5.15%) VMware NSX
6 22 (4.54%) Hyper-V
7 20 (4.12%) Virtual Desktop
8 11 (2.27%) Docker
9 7 (1.44%) BitLocker
9 7 (1.44%) Microsoft App-V
10 5 (1.03%) Terminal Services
10 5 (1.03%) VMware Server
11 4 (0.82%) Microsoft Virtual Server
11 4 (0.82%) Shibboleth
11 4 (0.82%) Virtual Servers
12 2 (0.41%) Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services
12 2 (0.41%) Squid
Systems Management
1 65 (13.40%) Terraform
2 63 (12.99%) Ansible
3 34 (7.01%) SCCM
4 31 (6.39%) Active Directory Federation Services
5 30 (6.19%) Kubernetes
5 30 (6.19%) SCOM
6 29 (5.98%) Microsoft Intune
7 26 (5.36%) WSUS
8 23 (4.74%) OPNET
9 20 (4.12%) vCenter Server
10 13 (2.68%) Single Sign-On
11 11 (2.27%) FortiGate
12 8 (1.65%) Nessus
13 6 (1.24%) ZABBIX
14 5 (1.03%) vMotion
15 4 (0.82%) Failover Clustering
15 4 (0.82%) HAProxy
15 4 (0.82%) Microsoft Clustering
15 4 (0.82%) Oracle Identity Management
15 4 (0.82%) Red Hat Satellite
Vendors
1 147 (30.31%) Microsoft
2 99 (20.41%) VMware
3 75 (15.46%) Juniper
4 29 (5.98%) Cisco
5 27 (5.57%) CA
6 21 (4.33%) Palo Alto
7 20 (4.12%) Oracle
8 16 (3.30%) Red Hat
9 15 (3.09%) SolarWinds
10 11 (2.27%) Dell
10 11 (2.27%) Fortinet
11 9 (1.86%) Google
12 8 (1.65%) CyberArk
13 7 (1.44%) Citrix
14 6 (1.24%) Extreme Networks
14 6 (1.24%) ForgeRock
14 6 (1.24%) Ping Identity
14 6 (1.24%) Splunk
14 6 (1.24%) Veeam
15 5 (1.03%) Infoblox